Writing about the past of Ukrainian history, Mark von Hagen notes that in the logic of lived experience Ukrainian citizens, residents, and institutions definitely have a history. However, considering the problem in the framework of recording, recognizing, and academic teaching of this experience, the answer is quite ambiguous. At that, considering the present and future of the region, Mark von Hagen writes about the current attempts and challenges of restating the history of Ukraine, and the need of its academic teaching.
Thus, as to the problem of recording the official history of Ukraine, it was hampered by the imperial and then pseudo-federal relations that governed political and social life in the former Soviet Union with Russian hegemony and Moscow, as well as Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), being the only centers of political and social life in the USSR.
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